Every organization should formulate and implement safety policy. It depends on the size of the unit/company, the number of plants it operates, the nature of the industry in which it is production technology it uses and the attitude of the top management.
After safety policy is spelt out, company should establish safety programs, the primary goal of which is to reduce hazardous factors, which are likely to cause accidents and to develop safe working habits amongst its employees. Company should also provide concrete efforts to provide safety measures.
The safety organization plans and implements the safety procedures.
Safety Committee:-safety work is primarily carried out by Safety Committee. Its function is to ensure the establishment of safe working conditions.The size of the committee depends on the size of an organisation.
Appraisal of employee attitude to safety programs:-
A knowledge of the attitude of the employee to the safety programs developed for them and the specific measures adopted for that purpose-such as setting up of bulletin boards, displays of safety measure etc.would help the safety Director in presenting safety information to the employees of an organization.
Safety engineering:-
Adoption of proper engineering procedures to minimize and if, possible,eliminate work hazards is fundamental to the employees of an organization. Dangerous Machinery are generally covered or fenced carefully when in operation.safety glasses or plastic eye shields to protect the eyes from the hazards of fire, glare, dust, fumes ;hard protective caps to prevent head injuries;gas masks to prevent inhalation of poisonous fumes;gloves to protect hands against acids and explosive materials;safety shoes,overall,skin guards and safety apparel for the protection of the body-all these are provided for workers.
Safety education and training:
Safety education at all levels of management personnel and for employees is vital for any safety programs. The goal of safety program is two-fold: to develop safety consciousness among employees and build up favorable attitude on their part towards safety measures and precautions; secondly to ensure safe work performance on the part of each employee by developing his skill in the use and operation of safety equipment.
HEALTH:
Importance of Industrial health:-Since large number of workers spend longer time in an industrial setting, their environment is not usually conducive to a healthy life.
Occupational hazards and risks:
The industrial hazards are classified into chemical,biological,enviornmental, and phychological hazards.
A CHEMICAL:-Chemical substances such as CO2, Ozone, sulphuric acid, acetic acid,fumeric acid, and tannic acid,alkalies cause injury when theyare absorbed y skin or when they are inhaled. Results are often disastrous.Worker suffer form respiratory diseses,skin diseases, heart diseases , cancer,nerological disorder.All these shorten life span.
Biological hazards:-it includes diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, insects, dietary deficiency, excessive drinking, imbalances, allergies,brain fever tetanus, emotional stresses, etc., all of these affect workers health.
Environmental hazards:-radiation, noise, vibration, shocks, and improper atmospheric conditions.
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